Reform or Revolution

In her 1899 pamphlet, Reform or Revolution, Rosa Luxemburg critiques the notion that trade unions and reformist political parties can achieve a socialist society, countering Eduard Bernstein’s views. She presents a historical materialist perspective, arguing that capitalism is inherently unsustainable and will ultimately fall, necessitating a revolution for the transition to socialism. This influential work played a significant role in shaping revolutionary socialist thought and laid important groundwork for left communist theory.